ss-31 peptide for sale​

ss-31 peptide for sale​

 

 

SS-31 (Elamipretide), a mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide, is a synthetic compound designed to enhance mitochondrial function and reduce oxidative stress. Developed by Dr. Hazel H. Szeto and Dr. Peter W. Schiller, it’s researched for conditions like mitochondrial myopathy, heart failure, and neurodegenerative diseases. Available for research purposes from suppliers like Peptide Sciences and Limitless Biotech, it’s not FDA-approved for human use.

 

ss-31​

 

 

Mechanisms of Action
SS-31, with the sequence D-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2 (molecular weight: 639.8 g/mol), carries a 3+ charge at physiological pH, enabling it to penetrate cell membranes and accumulate ~5,000-fold in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It binds cardiolipin, stabilizing mitochondrial structure, enhancing ATP production, and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). This inhibits cytochrome c peroxidase activity, preserving electron transport chain efficiency and preventing mitochondrial swelling. Studies show SS-31 restores mitochondrial cristae and improves bioenergetics.

 

ss 31 peptide

 

 

Mitochondrial Health: Enhances ATP synthesis and reduces oxidative damage, aiding age-related decline.

 

Neuroprotection: Protects retinal and neural cells in models of glaucoma and traumatic brain injury.

 

Cardioprotection: Improves cardiac function in heart failure models, reducing infarct size.

 

Anti-Aging: Reverses age-related protein oxidation in murine hearts after 8 weeks.

 

ss-31 peptide​

 

 

 

Renal Protection: Ameliorates kidney injury by reducing ROS and stabilizing mitochondrial membranes.
Phase 2 trials showed improved exercise performance in mitochondrial myopathy.

Dosage and Administration
Research protocols suggest 1–10 mg/kg daily via subcutaneous injection in animal models, reconstituted from lyophilized powder with bacteriostatic water. Store at -20°C or refrigerated (36–46°F) post-reconstitution. Human dosing (e.g., 100 mcg–5 mg/day) varies in research, with 60-day protocols common. Consult a research protocol for specifics.

 

ss-31 peptide benefits​

 

 

 

Safety and Side Effects
Phase 1 trials showed SS-31 is well-tolerated with no major side effects; minor issues include injection site irritation. Not for human consumption; contraindicated in severe renal/liver disease. Long-term safety data is limited.